War, law & rule

Tartara Tatar, the steppe people

Tatar was the name of a steppe people; when the Mongols terrified 13th-century Europe, Latin writers spelled it Tartarus, like the classical underworld, and English inherited the extra r. French tartare later named a raw steak and a sauce, which Japanese turned into tarutaru.

Weakest linkProbable

The road to English

From Old Turkic to Russian

From Russian to Tatar

From Russian to German

From Old Turkic to Persian

From Medieval Latin to Italian

From Old French to French, Japanese

732 CEOld Turkic

Hops are evenly spaced; labels show the year each form is first attested.

The road to English

From Old French to French, Japanese

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