Animals, plants & weatherWar, law & rule

paradise

An Old Iranian word for a walled enclosure became the Greek name for the Persian kings' hunting parks; Greek-speaking Jews used it for the Garden of Eden, and so it came to mean heaven — in Latin and every Romance tongue, in Hebrew pardes, Armenian partēz, and, through Syriac, the Quran's firdaws.

Weakest linkCertain

The road to English

From Avestan to Biblical Hebrew, Medieval Hebrew, Modern Hebrew

From Avestan to Armenian

From Koine Greek to Syriac, Arabic, Persian

From Arabic to Malay

From Koine Greek to Modern Greek

From Late Latin to Old French, French

From Late Latin to Italian

From Late Latin to Spanish

From Late Latin to Portuguese

From Late Latin to Old High German, German

500 BCEAvestan

Hops are evenly spaced; labels show the year each form is first attested.