Animals, plants & weather

jackal

Sanskrit sṛgāla became Persian šaġāl and Turkish çakal; from Turkish it ran through the Balkans and into French chacal, which brought it to English around 1600 (perhaps nudged by the name Jack) and to German, Russian, Italian and Dutch. In India it stayed home as siyār.

Weakest linkProbable

The road to English

From Sanskrit to Prakrit, Hindi

From Prakrit to Bengali

From Ottoman Turkish to Turkish

From Ottoman Turkish to Modern Greek

From Ottoman Turkish to Bulgarian

From Ottoman Turkish to Serbo-Croatian

From Ottoman Turkish to Romanian

From French to German, Russian

From German to Polish

From French to Dutch

From French to Italian

From French to Spanish

500 BCESanskrit

Hops are evenly spaced; labels show the year each form is first attested.

The road to English

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